Prep the chicken: If needed, slice chicken breasts in half horizontally. Place between sheets of parchment and gently pound to an even 1/4-inch thickness. Pat dry, then season both sides with salt and pepper.
Set up your breading station: Place flour in one shallow dish.
Beat eggs with a splash of water in a second dish. In a third dish, mix breadcrumbs, Parmesan, garlic powder, Italian seasoning, parsley, a pinch of salt, and pepper.
Dredge the cutlets: Coat each piece lightly in flour, shaking off excess. Dip into egg, letting the excess drip off.
Press firmly into the breadcrumb-Parmesan mixture so it adheres. Rest breaded cutlets on a wire rack for 5–10 minutes to set the crust.
Heat the pan: In a large skillet, heat a generous layer of oil over medium to medium-high heat. The oil should shimmer.
If using butter, add it just before the chicken for extra browning.
Pan-fry in batches: Lay in 1–2 cutlets without crowding. Cook 3–4 minutes per side until deep golden and cooked through (internal temperature 165°F). Adjust heat as needed so the crust browns but doesn’t burn.
Drain and season: Transfer to a wire rack or paper towel–lined plate.
Sprinkle with a little flaky salt while hot. Repeat with remaining cutlets.
Serve: Squeeze lemon over the cutlets and serve right away. Great with a simple arugula salad, marinara for dipping, or buttered noodles.